{"id":51103,"date":"2023-11-15T12:24:17","date_gmt":"2023-11-15T08:54:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edutsn.com\/karatu-a-abadan\/"},"modified":"2023-11-15T12:24:17","modified_gmt":"2023-11-15T08:54:17","slug":"karatu-a-abadan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.edutsn.com\/Hau\/karatu-a-abadan\/","title":{"rendered":"Karatu a Abadan"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Garin Abadan<\/b> \u0257aya ne daga cikin garuruwan lardin Khuzestan. Ku kasance tare da mu domin samun bayanai game da yanayin karatu a Abadan.<\/p>\n

\"Karatu<\/h2>\n

<\/span>Abadan<\/span><\/h2>\n

Gari ne mai matu\u0199ar muhimmanci kasantuwar cewa yana da matatar man fetur da petrochemical kuma yana iyaka da \u0199asar Iraq, sannan strategic gari ne tun lokacin ya\u0199in duniya na biyu. A wannan gari na Abadan akwai \u0257aya daga cikin matatun mai mafi girma na duniya.<\/p>\n

Wasu masana tarihi sun yi ya\u0199ini da cewa akwai mutane da suke zama a wannan yanki na Abadan tun kafin zamanin Herodotus na Girka. “Bahmanshir” ko “Bahman Ardeshir” ko “Vahman Ardeshir”, wanda aka samo daga sunan sarkin Sasaniyawa na farko (Ardeshir Babkan) shi ne asalin sunan garin amma yanzu ana kiransa da Abadan. Ardeshir Babkan ya yi ayyuka da dama a wannan yanki na Iran. Garin ya ruguje gaba\u0257aya a farmakin da larabawa suka kai wa Khuzestan, inda bayan ruguza shi suka gina sansanin soja a wurin. Shugaban wannan runduna na farko wani mutum ne mai suna Abbad Ibn Hossein Habti, an kafa wani \u0199aramin gari a kewayen sansanin, daga sunansa ne aka samo sunan garin na yanzu wato “Abbadan”<\/i>.<\/p>\n

Shaharar garin Abadan a \u0199arnin farko na Hijira galibi tana da ala\u0199a da ayari, wuraren ibada, da masallatai da ke ciki, haka kuma saboda wani \u0199abari da aka jingina ga Khidir da Iliyas. Sanadiyyar wannan \u0199abarin ne aka jima ana kiran garin Abadan da suna “Jaziratul Khidir<\/i>“. Sannu a hankali garin Abadan ya fara rugujewa tsakanin \u0199arni na 7 zuwa na 8, inda ya rasa darajarsa ta kasuwanci sakamakon kusancinsa da teku.<\/p>\n

\"Karatu<\/span><\/h2>\n

<\/span>Yanayin Wuri<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

A ma’aunin geography garin Abadan na a tsayin daraja 48 mintuna 17 da fa\u0257in daraja 30 da mintuna 20 da tundun mita 3 daga saman teku, sannan yana da yalwar murabba’in kilomita 2796. Ta arewa garin Abadan na da iyaka da Shadegan, ta gabas da kudu tekun farisa, ta kudu maso yamma kuma \u0199asa kuma \u0199asar Iraq inda kogin Arvand ya shiga tsakani, ta arewa maso yamma kuma yana da iyaka da garin Khorram Shahr.<\/p>\n

<\/span>Zirga-Zirga<\/span><\/h2>\n

A daidai lokacin da ake gina \u0257aya daga cikin manyan masana’antun \u0199arafa a birnin Baft, an fara aikin nazarin gina hanyar jirgin \u0199asa ta Sirjan Baft Kerman, hakazalika ha\u0257a layin jirgin \u0199asa na Sirjan zuwa Niriz, Estehban, Shiraz, Kazron, Brazjan, tashar Ganaveh, tashar Dilam, tashar Handijan, tashar Mahsher, Shadgan da Abadan wa\u0257anda duk suna kan hanya guda, ya tabbatar da rashin layin jirgin \u0199asa wanda ke sada yankin kudu maso arewa da yankin kudu maso yammacin \u0199asar.<\/p>\n

Kamfanin man fetur na \u0199asar Iran shi ne ya assasa filin jirgin garin Abadan a shekarar 1941. Karon farko a shekarar 1949 jiragen waje suka fara sauka a wannan filin jirgin. Dama filin jirgin na \u0199asa da \u0199asa ne tun farko kuma jiragen ciki da na waje na sauka sosai a cikinsa har ta kai yana taimaka wa filin jirgin Mehr Abad na Tehran a wurin sauke jiragen waje. Akwa lokacin da filin jirgin Abadan ne ka\u0257ai ke bawa jiragen waje damar tsayawa transit ko shan mai a layin jirage na gabas ta tsakiya.<\/p>\n

<\/span>Masana’antu da tattalin arziki<\/span><\/h2>\n

Tattalin azrikin garin Abadan galibi ya dogara ne da masana’antar man fetur; wadda aka assasa a shekarar 1912 domin tace man Masjid Sulaiman. Bayan masana’antar mai ta dawo \u0199ar\u0199ashin gwamnati, masana’antar ta iya tace kimanin ganga 600,000 na mai a rana a lokacin, amma yanzu sakamakon tasirin ya\u0199in shekara 8 abunda ake iya samu a rana ya ragu zuwa ganga 400,000. Har ila yau garin Abadan na da wata masana’antar petrochemical mai suna “Abadan Petrochemical” wadda aka gina a kusa da matatar man. A shekarar 2008 an samu sama da jiragen ruwa 147 da jiragen kamun kifi sama da 580 da suka tsunduma cikin ayyukan kamun kifi a yankin Abadan. Hakazalika daga 2004 ne aka maida yankin ‘yantaccen yankin kasuwanci, hakan ya ba ‘yan kasuwa masu zuba hannun jari daga \u0199asashe daban-daban shigowa yankin Abadan.<\/p>\n

Tashar ruwa ta Abadan da ke ga\u0253ar kogin Arvand, na da \u0199arfin jigilar ton dubu ashirin na kaya, wanda hakan ya \u0199ara mata muhimmanci. Har ila yau, garin Abadan shi ne ya fi kowane gari a lardin Khuzestan samar da dabino, yana da filaye masu girman hekta 12451 wadanda dabino kawai ake nomawa a cikinsu, bishiyoyin dabino sama da miliyan 2 wa\u0257anda ake ma ban ruwa irin na gargajiya ta hanyar amfani da ruwan kogin Arvand da Bahmanshir. Ana gudanar da aikin noman rani da ban ruwan inji wanda \u0257aya ne daga muhimman ayyukan \u0199asa, ta hanyar fitar da ruwan da ya dace daga kogin Bahmanshir don bawa gonakin da ke kan iyakar kogin Arvand.<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span>Matatar Mai ta Abadan<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Jim ka\u0257an bayan gano mai a garin Masjid Sulaiman ne aka ga dacewar samar da matatar mai domin fitar da man. Wannan ne ya sanya turawa suka gina matatar a shekarar 1912. Da fari ana fitar da ganga 2500 kacal na mai ne a kowace rana a wannan matata. Zuwa shekarar 1951 aka koma cire ganga 5000 a rana, bayan an samu saka hannun jarin kamfanonin \u0199asashen waje ne aka koma samun ganga 600,000 na mai a rana wanda haka ya sanya ta cikin jerin matatun mai mafi girma na duniya.<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span>Abadan Petrochemical<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

A shekarar 1963 ne cibiyar man fetur ta \u0199asar Faransa ta samu izinin neman wurin da za a yi aikin gina masana’antar petrochemical a \u0199asar Iran; saboda kusancin Abadan da rijiyoyin mai da kuma bututun mai wanda aka riga aka gina a baya domin matatar mai ta Abadan, da kuma kusanci da ruwa mara gishiri wanda ke zuwa daga kogin Arvand, wa\u0257annan dalilan suka sa aka za\u0253i garin na Abadan domin assasa kamfanin petrochemical tare da hannun jarin kahi 74% na gwamnati da kashi 26% na kamfanin BF Goodrich na Amurka.